Microbes in Human Welfare — NEET UG practice

75 questions

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Sample questions with solutions

Q1 · 2026

What is the reason behind production of large holes in 'Swiss Cheese'?

A.
The production of large amount of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ by Propionibacterium sharmanii
B.
The production of large amount of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ by Clostridium butylicum
C.
The production of large amount of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $\mathrm{H}_2$ by lactic acid bacteria called Lactobacillus
D.
The production of large amount of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ and $\mathrm{H}_2$ by Trichoderma polysporum

Answer: A

Understand that the large holes seen in Swiss cheese form because of gas bubbles trapped inside the cheese during fermentation.
The bacterium responsible for producing this gas is Propionibacterium sharmanii, which releases a large amount of carbon dioxide.

Therefore

\text{Propionibacterium sharmanii} \rightarrow \text{produces large amount of } CO_2

This trapped $CO_2$ gas accumulates in pockets within the cheese, creating its characteristic large holes.
Now eliminate the other options — Clostridium butylicum is used for butyric acid production, Lactobacillus forms curd from milk, and Trichoderma polysporum produces cyclosporin A; none of these are responsible for Swiss cheese holes.

Hence, the answer is A.

Q2 · 2026

Which of the following is used as a clot buster?

A.
Statins
B.
Streptokinase
C.
Penicillin
D.
Cyclosporin A

Answer: B

First understand what a clot buster means — it is a substance used to dissolve blood clots that block blood vessels.

\text{Clot buster} = \text{substance that dissolves blood clots}

Streptokinase is produced by the bacterium Streptococcus and is further modified using genetic engineering techniques.

Therefore

\text{Streptokinase} \rightarrow \text{used to remove clots from blood vessels of patients after a heart attack (myocardial infarction)}

Now eliminate the other options: Statins lower blood cholesterol, Penicillin is an antibiotic that kills bacteria, and Cyclosporin A is an immunosuppressive agent — none of these dissolve clots.

Hence, the answer is B (Streptokinase).

Q3 · 2026

Match List I with List II:

List I (Bioactive molecules)	List II (Importance)
A. Streptokinase	I. Immunosuppressive agent
B. Statins	II. Removal of clots from the blood vessels
C. Lipases	III. Blood cholesterol-lowering agent
D. Cyclosporin A	IV. Detergent formulations

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A.
A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
B.
A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
C.
A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I
D.
A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Answer: D

Recall what Streptokinase is used for — it acts as a 'clot buster' that removes clots from blood vessels.

\text{Streptokinase} \rightarrow \text{Removal of clots from blood vessels (II)}

Recall the role of Statins — they lower blood cholesterol levels and are produced by Monascus purpureus.

Therefore

\text{Statins} \rightarrow \text{Blood cholesterol-lowering agent (III)}

Recall the role of Lipases — they break down fats and are widely used in detergent formulations to remove oily stains.

\text{Lipases} \rightarrow \text{Detergent formulations (IV)}

Recall the role of Cyclosporin A — produced by Trichoderma polysporum, it suppresses the immune system in organ transplant patients.

\text{Cyclosporin A} \rightarrow \text{Immunosuppressive agent (I)}

Hence, the correct matching is A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I, so the answer is D.

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